Oral contraceptive pills are just as effective as powerful
antibiotics in the long-term treatment of acne in women, according to
the findings of new review of 226 previously conducted clinical trials,
and published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
Past research has shown how both antibiotics and birth control pills, such as Dianette, work effectively for treating acne in women, but the new review into the two actually compared them side-by-side.
Although antibiotics were found to be
more effective in reducing acne lesions at three months (48%, vs. 37%
for birth control), after six months, both types of treatments worked to
decrease acne by over 50%.
The birth control pills were actually slightly more effective that the antibiotics after six months. Those taking the pill were found to have a 55% decline in their symptoms, compared a 53% decrease in symptoms for the women taking the antibiotics.
Therefore, this has led to dermatologists arguing that the pill is an
excellent alternative for some women and a good way to avoid the side
effects associated with stronger oral acne medications or long-term
antibiotic use.
The wonder of the pill at subsiding acne symptoms is due to the
presence of hormones like progestin and estrogen, which work to slow
down the production of sebum, a naturally occurring oil that can cause
outbreaks of acne.
“Oral contraceptives (OCPs) take longer to work because they have a
different mechanism of action,” said Dr. Kelly H. Tyler, who was not
involved in the new review.
“Antibiotics have anti-inflammatory properties, and OCPs do not have
those same properties, so the reduction in acne is going to be more
gradual and less dramatic in the beginning,” said Tyler, a dermatologist
at Ohio State University in Columbus.
Dr Tyler, told Reuters Health that antibiotics reduce the
inflammation associated of existing acne, whilst oral contraceptives
reduce free or circulating androgens, decreasing the production of the
oily sebum that plugs pores, therefore lowering the chance of new acne
sprouting up.
The authors involved in the review of the 226 clinical trials do
stress that the antibiotic trials they studied did comprise of both men
and women, which impacts on the comparison to the results of the trials
involving birth control pills as hormones are a key factor in acne.
However they write that the findings suggest birth control pills “may
have a more important first-line preventive role in chronic acne than
previously accepted.”
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