Previously viewed a bit too light-hearted, almost as a bit of a joke,
gout is anything but a laughing matter. It is actually the most
prevailing type of inflammatory arthritis but in years gone by gout was
typically looked upon as something that only over-indulgers picked up;
those who had been hitting the wine and red meat a little too hard.
With the quality of medical care vastly improved over the past few
decades, life expectancy is higher than ever and more people are now
experiencing this painful, debilitating condition – simply put it is
nothing to be mocked about and is a serious problem that requires the
appropriate treatment, such as through Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), which work to reduce the level of pain and inflammation.
Examples of NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac and naproxen.
Gout causes pain and swelling to one of
more joints. Although it usually strikes in the big toe, gout can attack
other joints such as those in the elbows, knees, feet and ankles and
those in your hands, fingers and wrists.
Symptoms of gout commonly occur at night, but can arise at any point
during the day. Other symptoms include: swelling (inflammation) in and
surrounding the affected joint, red, shiny skin over the affected joint
and peeling, itchy and flaky skin over the affected joint as the
swelling decreases.
Gout is caused by a build-up of a chemical in the blood called uric
acid (urate), which is a waste product that is transmitted through the
kidneys and into your urine so it can be removed from the body. The
level of uric acid in your blood can increase if your kidneys are not
passing uric acid fast enough or if your body produces too much uric
acid.
High levels of uric acid result in the formation of tiny crystals in
your tissues, commonly in and around the joints. These crystals could
leak from the joint cartilage into the joint space, causing the soft
lining (synovium) to react. It is this which produces the intense
swelling and pain you experience. As crystals thrive at a cooler body
temperature, this is why gout is more prominent in the fingers and toes.
Risk factors for the development of gout include medical problems
that induce a rise in uric acid levels, such as high blood pressure
(hypertension), obesity, having high lipid levels (high cholesterol) and
long-term deterioration in kidney function. Other risk factors include
lifestyle ones, such as diet. For example, eating too much red meat or
seafood and drinking too much alcohol (especially beer) can put you at
risk, whereas having psoriasis can occasionally cause your body to make
too much uric acid.
Self-care techniques when a gout attack strikes are primarily aimed
at preventing further attacks and relieving symptoms. When you
experience an attack, it is important to rest and elevate (raise) your
limb and try to avoid hitting or damaging the afflicted joint.
You should also keep the joint as cool as possible, remove any
clothing actually on the joint and apply an ice pack to the area. Ice
wrapped inside a towel, or even a frozen bag of peas should do the
trick!
Keep the ice pack or bag of peas on the joint for about 20 minutes.
The ice should not be applied directly on the skin and this procedure
should not be carried out for over 20 minutes at a time due to risk of
skin damage.
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